Gary Novak
Independent Scientist
Crunching the Numbers
Absorption Spectra
Explanations
Oceans not Rising
Future Ice Age
Acid in the Oceans
Context
My Description of G.W.
How can all those
scientists be wrong
Review:
Al Gore's
An Inconvenient Truth
Outside Links:
"Authorities" Contrive
News Collection
August 14, 2007
Video:
The Great Global Warming Swindle
Order DVD:
Here
Another DVD—
Global Warming or
Global Governance
Senate Floor Speech
October 26, 2007
The Science of Global Warming
in Perspective
The oceans have 1,000 times more heat capacity than the atmosphere. It means oceans can heat the air far more than air can heat the oceans.
 | ||
Oceans determine humidity. |
||
| ||
News Flash:
Twenty Year Cool-DownMainstream media ignores it.
Japanese government advisory panel says humans are not the cause.
Mainstream media ignores it.
A massive cool-down in the north may have triggered the next ice age in 2008.
Thirty one thousand scientists signed a petition saying humans are not the cause of global warming. External Link
There is no scientifically valid mechanism for carbon dioxide causing global warming. Greenhouse gasses do what they do in such a short distance, at such a low concentration, that the first 1-10% does almost all that they do, and adding more such gasses cannot create more heat in any significant way. 10% Math
Do you think doubling CO2 in the air is supposed to double global warming? Only a miniscule fraction of the CO2 is in question to the increase in heat, as shown in the yellow zone below. See The Disputed Area.
There is no theoretical basis for the claims. Climate is too complex for a theory. Instead, old thermometer measurements were used, adjusting and manipulating to get a 0.6°C temperature increase, and then a mass of half-baked computer equations were used to predict an additional increase.
|
Here's the other view:
My Description of Global Warming
Oceans control the climate, not greenhouse gasses.
Temperature is irrelevant; only precipitation matters, and it has been increasing due to warmer oceans.
Nothing could be better for mankind and the planet than what has been occurring over the past few decades. The warm weather and increase in precipitation is nothing but good for humans and all life forms. The Oceans have stopped rising after increasing for tens of thousands of years, because snow is accumulating on 90% of Antarctica due to increased precipitation everywhere as a result of warmer ocean water. However, there was a major heat loss around the Arctic over the past 18 months, and it is too early to say what that will amount to.
The media saying the opposite is nothing but a mockery of all science involved. Frauds in science will do some fake number juggling and proclaim doom everywhere. It is a total contempt for the evidence and scientific truth.
The anthill model is the goal. The frauds don't care whether carbon dioxide exists, because it's nothing but a means to an end—the anthill model.
|
The fraud by officials is spelled out and documented for Congress by "The Viscount Monckton" - 3.5M pdf.
Presentation for Congress by Monckton, March 30, 2009
Another Summary by Monckton, pdf
The 41% Fraud: Supposedly, the surface of the earth gives off its energy as 41% radiation and the rest as conduction and evaporation. 41% is about how much radiation an incandescent light bulb gives off at 3,000°C, not what a cold basement gives off at 15°C. A fraudulent Stephan-Boltzmann constant rationalizes the over-emission of radiation.
Greens want the nuclear reactors shut down, because they can't be managed in a responsible way. You don't have to be nearly as responsible to remove carbon dioxide from the air as to run a nuclear reactor.
The Coal Fraud: Coal is supposedly the black death—the purpose of cap-and-trade. But it's replacement, natural gas, is worse as a greenhouse gas emitter, because it emits methane into the air, which is 23 times as strong of a greenhouse gas as CO2. At least 5% of natural gas is lost into the air, and probably much more in the process of reducing the temperature of shipping containers to cryogenic levels through boil-off. 5% x 23 = 115%. That means more than doubling the greenhouse gas problem through natural gas. If a gunman in a school shoots 30% fewer people it's not called a victory, so how could a 30% reduction in the black death be the answer to everything.
Cap and Trade is what Enron did to California. The state spent $20 billion trying to keep the electricity running. Now the government is going to do the same thing to everyone as Enron did to California through cap-and-trade.
Why Wrong? It's how power is mongered. There is nothing constructive that can be done with power. So mongering power requires a war against truth and justice. The first losers are the most vulnerable persons. So mongering power always results in a war against the lower classes, which becomes chronic and habitual. Cap-and-trade is nothing but a war against the lower classes.
Important Fact: Oceans overwhelm all other influences on climate. Oceans, being 70% of the earth's surface, are the climate regulators influencing air temperature, humidity and precipitation. Yet the IPCC did not account for the effects of oceans, because they had no data or theory to go by, and they couldn't handle that much complexity. The total fraud of the IPCC is demonstrated by this fact.
When an El Nino shows up in the Pacific Ocean as a hot water mass, Central and South America get flooded due to increased evaporation from the ocean. Now, an El Nina is in the Pacific as a cold water mass, and it is creating cold weather and droughts. Scientists don't know what creates El Ninos and El Ninas. So they don't have a clue as to what's controlling the climate. Ice Ages
The air does not heat the oceans; the oceans heat the air; because the oceans have a thousand times as much heat capacity as the atmosphere. And the claimed 0.6°C increase in atmospheric temperature is not much heat to be adding to anything, while satellites show less temperature increase, unless Hansen is screwing around with the numbers as usual. Thermometer Fraud
Greenhouse gasses cannot trap more heat, because they already trap all they can. Up in the stratosphere and higher, they can trap a slight amount more, but the stratosphere does not influence the lower atmosphere; and the quantities are miniscule beyond relevance. Trapping Heat
Volcanoes put 2.3% as much CO2 into the air as humans every year (gov source). If CO2 could accumulate, the volcanic amount in 43 years would equal the human amount for one year. Volcanoes have been doing it for 5 billion years, and humans for only 150 years. The supposed total amount of human accumulation (240 GT) is put into the atmosphere by volcanoes every 1,200 years. See Delicate Balance Fraud
Where does the volcanic CO2 go, if the human amount accumulates? If it is acidifying the oceans, why didn't volcanoes acidify the oceans many times over? See Acid in the Ocean Fraud
Nature puts 26 times as much CO2 in the air through decay and respiration as humans do through energy sources.
|
All biological life is based on carbon. The carbon all cycles through carbon dioxide. The small amount of carbon dioxide originating from petroleum is a slight correction of the disappearance of carbon in sea shells and limestone. There was five times as much CO2 in the air during dinosaur years. Now, plants are getting one third as much CO2 as they need. You don't think scientists are that dumb? Read the rest of my web site and find out. Fossil fuels are needlessly squandered by closing down coal plants and switching to natural gas to reduce CO2 emissions. Society should immediately build about 200 new coal plants and learn to use nuclear in a responsible manner. |
The fraud of carbon dioxide agitators is visible in the shutting down of coal plants. Very little reduction in CO2 results, while dependence upon foreign energy increases. Why not shut down the airlines? People need heat and electricity more than they need to fly. It's not about protecting the environment; it's a war against the lower classes.
Replacing coal with imported natural gas:
Methane is 23 times as strong of a so-called greenhouse gas as CO2. If 5% is boiled off to cool cryogenic containers during shipping, that's 0.05 x 23 = 115% plus the original 100% = 215% x 66% as much CO2 in a power plant = 142% as much of a supposed greenhouse effect from shipped natural gas as from using coal to generate electricity. And the ship would burn about 20-50% as much energy as the methane being shipped. That's more kids and pets dying from shipped natural gas than burning coal would produce. But the whole greenhouse argument is fraud, and it doesn't make diddly what source of energy is used.Not the least absurdity is opposition to the warmer temperatures and increased rainfall which are infinitely better than the cold that is beginning to descend upon the planet.
Most people don't realize that this subject is not about science. The propagandists were doing the same thing before carbon dioxide came along. They were using ozone and other environmental concerns as a pretext for lowering the population of the globe to one tenth. Carbon dioxide brought their cause out of obscurity. So they don't care what the science is; and in fact, they refuse to allow scientific evidence to interfere with their agenda—and this includes a large number of scientists.
|
Major Arguments
There is no scientifically valid mechanism for CO2 causing global warming. Carbon dioxide absorbs the narrow bands of infrared radiation available to it in about ten meters. (Heinz Hug) More CO2 only shortens the distance, which is not an increase in temperature. In other words, the first 10% of the CO2 in the air does most of what CO2 does, and it doesn't do much. Fake Mechanism Water vapor would swamp any effects by CO2, if greenhouse gasses were really creating global warming. Water vapor has three times as much bandwidth for absorption peaks, and there are about 33 times as many water vapor molecules in the atmosphere as CO2 molecules, which means 100 times as much of a supposed greenhouse effect. And water vaporizes and precipitates so rapidly that it would be creating billions of times as much change in temperature as CO2, if the same logic were applied to it. Frauds say water vapor is stable, meaning the average doesn't change. It's fakery made up by Hansen based on the implication that the atmosphere is delicately balanced, defined and understood, while no consideration is given to ocean temperatures, which determine most of the humidity in a highly varied way. Water Vapor |
How could all of those scientists be wrong? They get paid to be wrong through billions of dollars from the government; and they are not a consensus.
How the Firing Works
Fake Consensus Based on Fraudulent Survey
There is a shortage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere for plant growth, because alkaline oceans absorb it and only release a small amount (because salt drives some out). The atmosphere is only 0.04% CO2.
When an ice age begins, global Warming occurs exactly as it is doing now. Heated oceans cause increased evaporation followed by precipitation. Eventually, increased snowfall will reflect away solar energy and trigger a cool-down.
Surface Temperatures over 800,000 Years
Each large cycle is an ice age (occurring every 100,000 yrs).
|
The dramatic cool-down, first around the Antarctic, and then around the Arctic, over the past year is more evidence that ocean currents are controlling the result. Warm water flowing over the Bering Strait appears to have changed the direction of ocean currents, first diverting warm water away from the Southern Hemisphere, and then melting Arctic ice like a giant ice cube. After the Artic ice is gone (maybe five years), oceans should resume an increase in temperature.
Melting Arctic ice over the past year apparently caused a lot of precipitation to form, which would release heat into the atmosphere to be emitted into space. This means a large amount of global heat loss may have occurred. There are indications of reduced solar energy, but that effect should be too slow and gradual to explain the dramatic chill over the past year. |
The real cause of global warming could be an increase in solar energy, as critics generally claim. Solar energy would accumulate in the oceans while dissipating more rapidly from the atmosphere. But there is evidence that solar energy controls short term effects, while long term effects are due to variations in heat from the earth's core. Ice ages are caused by oceans heating, which appears to result from increased heat from inside the earth. The primary evidence is the exact cycling of ice ages. Environmental factors would not be so precise. Also, some of the ocean heat is deep down, while warm water tends to rise, not sink.
The earth's core is fluid, in constant motion and heterogeneous, which adds up to variations in heat escaping to the surface. (Science Article)
Volcanoes Show how Sunshine Heats Oceans — external link
Ice over oceans is melting much faster than expected. The reason is because the oceans are heating, not the atmosphere. Heated oceans can melt ice rapidly, while heated air cannot. Ninety percent of ice is below the surface—exposed to water, not air—and water has the heat capacity needed for melting.
The recent cool-down is consistent with oceans heating, because ocean currents are highly erratic and unexplainable, as an El Nino demonstrates, and they create odd microclimates in the atmosphere.
|
Shortage of Carbon Dioxide Two billion years ago, there was a huge amount of carbon dioxide in the air and carbonate in the oceans. Since then, most of it disappeared. It was converted to calcium carbonate in the oceans and ultimately limestone. Now there is a shortage. The human addition is slightly rescuing life and the planet by increasing the CO2. For propagandists to claim humans are destroying life and the planet through CO2 couldn't be a bigger fraud. See Acid in the Oceans Fraud |
|
1. There's no valid mechanism for CO2 creating global warming. Greenhouse gases absorb all radiation available to them in short distances (Heinz Hug), which means more greenhouse gas only shortens the distance of absorption, which is not an increase in heat. The first 20% of the CO2 in the atmosphere does most of what CO2 does. (See Fake Mechanism.) 2. There's no "delicate balance of heat trapping gasses" for humans to upset. Water vapor is one hundred times as much of a greenhouse gas as carbon dioxide, and it varies massively due to evaporation and precipitation. A one percent variation in water vapor effect would be equivalent to doubling the CO2 effect. 3. Oceans regulate CO2 in the atmosphere to the minutest detail due to equilibrium. Equilibirum means strictly defined concentrations in the liquid and air above it. Segalstad
Graph by Prof Lance Endersbee CO2 absorbed by colder oceans — Anthony Watts, March 21, 2009 4. Measurements of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere show small seasonal blips which are the same every year. It means CO2 does not accumulate for centuries in the atmosphere as propagandists claim. CO2 has to come out in days or weeks to show uniform seasonal blips. Data Source
Al Gore claims these seasonal blips are due to photosynthesis. Scientists assume photosynthesis is uniform across the globe, because ocean algae are similar to land plants in that regard. Global uniformity would remove seasonal blips. But ocean temperatures are not uniform, because the southern hemisphere has more oceans than the north. 5. There is no direct relationship between CO2 produced and CO2 used. Therefore, if regulation were not occurring, the graph for the amount in the air would vary wildly. Instead it tracks meticulously. Global Dynamic Page 6. Nature puts 33 times as much CO2 into the air through decay as humans produce (External Reference), and the oceans exchange CO2 with the atmosphere 19 times as fast as humans produce it. So humans produce a miniscule effect on CO2 which has a miniscule effect on climate. It's statistically, scientifically, logically a non-effect. more details 7. Computer models (the only source of information for propagandists including the IPCC) consider none of these basic points of science. Computer models are nothing but a fraudulent method of erasing the science of the subject. 8. The reason why CO2 levels in the atmosphere have been increasing is because warmer oceans release more CO2. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a measure of global, average ocean temperatures. 9. Carbon dioxide is not a pollutant. It is necessary for biology, and there is a shortage of it, contrary to the Supreme Court. Global Dynamic 10. Carbon dioxide absorbs radiation in narrow bands, which means most radiation goes around it. 11. Very little radiation is emitted from the surface of the earth. It's about 1-5% of the energy, not the 41-115% which is variously claimed. The 41% Fraud 12. Supposedly, shoulders on the CO2 absorption peaks create global warming high in the atmosphere, because they separate from water vapor peaks; but the shoulders become miniscule, which is why they separate, and the height is in the upper atmosphere, while global warming is supposed to be about near-surface temperatures. Fake Mechanism 13. Only the last cycle of emission high in the atmosphere is relevant, because only then do more molecules capture radiation which would not otherwise be captured. But the last cycles are usually too high in the atmosphere to have much effect upon the lower atmosphere. more details 14. Climate scientists know that heating caused by CO2 is indeed small, but supposedly it's effect is amplified by a factor of 3 or more by creating more water vapor. If multiplying the heat were possible, it would create thermal runaway, as the heat from the water vapor would also be multiplied. The Water Vapor Fraud 15. Humans add 3% of the CO2 to the atmosphere, while nature adds 97%. To claim the human addition accumulates to 30%, while the nature addition does not is absurd. The 30% Fraud 16. The claimed 0.6°C atmospheric temperature increase is a contrivance. Satellites show less, and thermometers are worthless for the purpose. 17. Oceans are only rising 1.8mm per year (7 inches per century), and sea level will be decreasing, because increased precipitation is causing ice to accumulate over Antarctica. See Oceans Page 18. The latest claim is that humans are putting 8.3 giga tons of carbon into the air per year, which is 1% of the 750 giga tons in the air. If one percent per year were relevant, natural variations would have been catastrophic long ago. External Link Showing Past Variations 19. Ice is melting faster than expected over oceans, particularly the Arctic. This is because oceans are heating, not the atmosphere. Increased precipitation also shows oceans are heating (increasing evaporation). A hot spot in the earth's core is the most likely cause. See Below 20. Change, as in climate change: Water vapor (which is 100 times as much of a greenhouse gas as CO2) can change by a factor of 2 from day to day. CO2 changes by 2 ppm (parts per million) per year. That's 36,500,000,000 times as much change by water vapor as by CO2. A 1°C temperature change due to CO2 in 20 years (0.000137°C per day) would require a 5,000,000°C change due to water vapor from day to day and place to place, if propagandists were producing a consistent logic. Of course, radiation would deplete first, but still, water vapor would swamp anything CO2 does based on the logic of propagandists, and it means there is no "delicate balance" being upset by humans. Delicate Balance Fraud 21. Species dying and disease? The temperature gets 0.6°C colder about every 50 miles further north. If it wasn't a catastrophe 50 miles south, then it is not a catastrophe now. Society is being overrun by antibiotic resistant diseases due to incompetence and fraud. To not fix that problem first is to have ulterior motives. 22. Droughts, floods and storms supposedly increasing: The temperature of the atmosphere has been cooling for ten years, so how is it causing droughts, floods and storms? Here's a study showing stronger storms before the industrial revolution. Ocean Sediment Study 23. Mindless persons (including the Supreme Court) assume carbon dioxide must be the equivalent of auto exhaust pollution. CO2 is no more of a pollutant than water is (and less of a greenhouse gas). It has been an essential part of biology for as long as biology has existed. 24. Some jerks are putting iron in the oceans trying to cool the planet. Their first experiment seemed to work, so now they are putting more in. They aren't asking anyone, and there is no getting it back out when the oceans turn to slime. The public has a responsibility in determining whether social realities are based on rationality or fraud. There are highly visible differences. Rationality doesn't look anything like fraud. Rationality includes explanations and evidence. Fraud is forced down peoples' throats without explanations or evidence based on a fake consensus, which is nothing but mob rule. |
|
Cutting Back on Emissions On a long term scale, CO2 in the atmosphere is at the lowest level it has ever been, because oceans suck CO2 out of the air and trap in in calcium carbonate. The amount in the air is so low that plants can barely grow. Greenhouses routinely double the amount of CO2 in the air to improve growth. Regardless of the energy shortage, emitting CO2 into the air is the only good things humans have ever done for the environment. And coal plants (non foreign) are being shut down creating an energy shortage, because coal emits more CO2 than natural gas. The know-it-all, non conspiracy theorists who deal in nothing but substantiated fact tell us that cutting back on CO2 emissions is the only chance of human survival. Our lives are being run by frauds, folks. |
Oceans are Warming
Oceans are too complex and heterogeneous to determine averages, but nature shows the net effect.
There are two points of evidence indicating that oceans are warming: One is that precipitation is increasing, which means increased evaporation from warmer oceans; and the other is that ice is melting over oceans more than over land.
The oceans have a heat capacity 1,000 times that of the atmosphere. This means the air cannot easily heat the oceans, but oceans can easily heat the air. The atmosphere would have to heat a lot, before it could heat the oceans a little; yet the opposite is occurring. The atmosphere is only said to have warmed 0.6°C in recent times.
The ice which is suspended over the oceans is 90% submerged. To melt it, the water has to provide the heat, not the air. Not only is the water surrounding 90% of the ice, but water has the heat capacity needed to transfer a large amount of heat, while air has little heat capacity.
Ice is obviously melting rapidly at both north and south poles, but primarily over oceans. In localized areas, there is warming over land which is melting showpiece glaciers and northern tundra. But where it really matters, over the Antarctica land mass, ice is thickening. Over Greenland, both thickening and thinning of ice is occurring, but Greenland is small, and it's climate is influenced by an ocean current called the Gulf Stream.
(Over the past couple of years, the whole southern hemisphere has been cooling due to ocean currents shifting. Antarctic ice is re-accumulating, even over oceans around Antarctica, while the Arctic is melting rapidly.)
The ultimate test of whether the oceans or atmosphere is heating more is precipitation, and it is increasing. If the atmosphere were heating more than the oceans, there would be less precipitation, because warmer air holds more moisture. If the oceans are heating more than the air, more precipitation occurs, because evaporation increases, while there is less change in the amount of moisture the air will hold.
If the atmosphere heats more than the oceans, precipitation decreases.
If oceans heat more than the atmosphere, precipitation increases.
Because of the increase in precipitation, ice is thickening over land at Antarctica and Greenland, as shown by satellites which use radar to measure thickness of ice. (Details and references are on Oceans Page).
Recently, Arctic ice has been rapidly melting, but this is submerged ice melting due to warm ocean water flowing over the Bering Strait.
Here's a related oddity. Scientists cannot figure out why the Great Lakes are losing so much water. An indication is the large amount of snowfall around them during the winters. The Lakes are apparently heating up just as the oceans are, and they are evaporating away.
Ocean levels are increasing due to expansion from warming, but the increase over the past four years is twice as much as scientists can account for. This is another indication of the heat coming from the earth's core, which would cause more heat to accumulate in the deep oceans than scientists are aware of.
Deep Ocean Heat Measured - (external)
Ice Ages
The present global warming is part of a natural ice age cycle. It's what always happens at the beginning of an ice age.
Ice ages cycle at precise 100 thousand year intervals. The next one is scheduled to begin now. The temperature reversal will begin between 100 and 200 years from now. The time can be determined from the amount of precipitation. Cold temperatures alone cannot create an ice age. There has to be more snow than can melt during the summer to create an accumulation of ice. There is not enough moisture in the air at this time to do that. But it's increasing. There should be enough precipitation in a century or two to produce more snow than can melt during the summers in low enough latitudes to reflect away enough solar energy to trigger an irreversible cool-down.
The amount of moisture in the air is increasing because oceans are warming. The warming of oceans is observable in the amount of ice melting at the poles. Measurement of long term trends show ocean temperatures to be peaking at a level where ice age reversals begin.
Such precise cycling of temperatures cannot be caused by environmental factors such as greenhouse gases, because there would be too many variations. The variations would be like trying to use the clouds for a calendar. The cause of ice ages must be some force which overrides environmental influences. Two possible sources are cyclic variation in solar energy and motion of a hot spot in the earth's core. An underlying factor is that ice age cycles correlate with a variable in the earth's orbit.
Orbital influences could explain either variations in solar energy or motion of a hot spot in the earth's core. No one has been able to clearly identify a factor in the orbit of the earth which would increase solar intensity in a way which correlates with ice age cycles, not the least reason being that there is a huge amount of complexity in several variables in the orbit of the earth. There are additional problems in explaining ice age cycles in terms of solar intensity. There are many environmental factors which interact with solar energy creating variations in the result. But it's not impossible that solar variations could override all environmental complexities and create the ice age cycles as shown on the graph.
There is however a clearer impression that the oceans are being heated from within the earth's core. The main factor creating this impression, besides total immunity of the cycles to environmental influences, is that all other changes show clear evidence of following the ocean temperature increases rather than responding to some other influence. The most significant factor is that precipitation is increasing.
Areas where weather patterns indicate warming are all microclimates resulting from nearby oceans being warmer. The most obvious example of this is Greenland and parts of Europe, which are warmed by the Gulf Stream. North America is showing milder winters due to less ice around Alaska, where the winter air often comes from. But satellite measurements show little warming in evaluating total global conditions. Global warming is occurring, but it's not the frying pan situation that it is portrayed as.
Movement of a hot spot in the earth's core could correlate with changes in the earth's orbit. The central core of the earth could be pulled farther south due to gravitational effects, and this would heat the oceans more, since there is less land area in the southern hemisphere.
New Page: Ice Ages Re-evaluated
External links: Tilt in Earth's Orbit
Motion of Earth's Core
Heat constantly migrates from the core of the earth to the surface. This heat keeps lakes from freezing solid, after ice forms on the surface. It keeps the ground from freezing more than six feet deep in the winter. It causes deep well water to be hot, which can sometimes be used for geothermal heating.
Therefore, the cause of global warming could be oceans increasing in temperature due to increased heat flowing from the earth's core. The increased heat could be due to a hot spot which rotates in the molten fluid within the earth. As it rotates, it could get closer to the surface in an area where the heat can diffuse into the oceans.
Or it could be the central core being pulled closer to the surface due to gravitational forces in the solar system related to changes in the earth's orbit. The central core of the earth is highly dense, consisting largely of iron, which would cause it to respond to gravitational forces. Magnetic north constantly migrates demonstrating that masses move around in the molten fluid within the earth.
There is new evidence for the earth's core heating based on variations in the earth's magnetic field. There is about a six year lag for "global warming" correlating with the amount of time required for the heat to conduct through the mantle. A summary article is here:http://www.gsaaj.org/articles/TempPaperv1n22007.pdf
A new submarine for measuring the temperature of deep oceans found more heat than expected on its first measurement. Deep ocean heat points to the heat coming from the earth's core. Deep Ocean Heat Measured - (external)
A related point is that expansion of the oceans from heating is twice as much as expected, with no explanation. The best explanation is that the deep oceans are hotter than expected due to heat coming from the earth's core.
Milankovich Cycles
Deviations in the earth's orbit around the sun has a lot of complexities, which is sometimes given as an explanation for ice ages. A basic problem with that explanation is that the yearly average exposure to the sun is always about the same. Therefore, this concept implies that how the earth is exposed to the sun is more important than average exposure.
Here's a link which explains it as follows: When the northern hemisphere gets less exposure to the sun during the summer, there is less snow melting in the north. The accumulation of snow causes more sunlight to reflect away causing a global cool-down.
Those types of explanations seem too interpretive for the amount of complexity involved. Oceans currents are at least as significant as amount of solar energy in heating the Arctic, as recent melting indicates. Furthermore, it appears to be not cold temperatures but increased precipitation which triggers an ice age.
El Ninas (cold ocean water) create droughts, while El Ninos (warm ocean water) create floods. The oceans accumulate heat and release it as precipitation. So it could be increased solar energy that triggers the accumulation of snow rather than decreased solar energy.
"Total human CO2 emissions primarily from use of coal, oil, and natural gas and the production of cement are currently about 5.5 GT C per year (giga tons of carbon per year). A recent update says 8.6 GT.
To put these figures in perspective, it is estimated that the atmosphere contains 750 GT C; the surface ocean contains 1,000 GT C; vegetation, soils, and detritus contain 2,200 GT C; and the intermediate and deep oceans contain 38,000 GT C. Each year, the surface ocean and atmosphere exchange an estimated 90 GT C; vegetation and the atmosphere, 60 GT C; marine biota and the surface ocean, 50 GT C; and the surface ocean and the intermediate and deep oceans, 100 GT C."
Notice that the oceans exchange ten times as much carbon with the atmosphere as humans produce (90GT vs. 8.6 GT). Exchange means regulation. And humans only add 1% as much CO2 to the atmosphere per year as already in it. If such a miniscule amount were as critical as propagandists claim, all life would have been destroyed long ago. Nature hasn't been sitting on a 1% knife edge for millions of years.
Reference:Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine
The Cost of Global Warming Alarmism
From Marc Morano, Senate Staffer
October 19, 2007
The Lieberman-Warner bill will burden American families with additional energy costs and significantly harm the United States economy...
CO2 cap-and-trade schemes were exposed by a recent CBO (Congressional Budget Office) study as creating massive wealth redistribution from the poor and working class to wealthier Americans. Further, according to a MIT study released earlier this year, cap-and-trade legislation introduced earlier in the Senate this year by Senator Bernie Sanders (I-VT) and Senator Boxer (D-CA) would cost energy sector consumers an amount equal to $4,500 per American family of four. The same study found a bill sponsored by Senator Lieberman and Senator McCain (R-AZ) would cost consumers $3,500 per family of four. And a new EPA analysis shows the Lieberman - McCain bill would cost up to half a trillion dollars by 2030 and $1.3 trillion by 2050 - and that was based on assumptions designed to low-ball the number, begging the question of how high the real figure would be.
[Note: That's just one congressional bill at the starting point. It doesn't begin to total the cost of removing carbon dioxide from the air, particularly since the underlying motive of the agitators is to reduce the population of the globe by 90%. GN]
[A recent UN study concluded that the cost would be $45 trillion to reduce carbon dioxide emissions to stated goals by 2050.]
Markley-Waxman Cap-and-Trade Bill:
Money doesn't move from Wall Street to consumer; it moves the other way. So why would we want Wall Street buying and selling energy derivatives?A 10% tax on energy would not reduce CO2 one iota. People would need to be shoved out of the economy and into the gutters to reduce CO2 production. People can't live in the gutters in northern states. There would have to be a mass migration from northern states to southern states, so people can live under the bridges and in the heat tunnels to remove CO2 from the air.
Climate Change: The carbon creates the droughts, and the oxygen creates the floods. Since it does two things, they call it CO2. If you don't believe this, it's because you promote big oil and big tobacco, and you refuse to look at the science of the subject. The IPCC said so; and it's peer reviewed science.
|
The whole purpose of science was to get fraud out of our faces. Now we have to pretend the carbon dioxide fraud is science. It's not science, because it's not the procedure which eliminates fraud. |
External Links:
Climate Depot - news updates by Marc Morano
Icecap - Scientists Criticizing
Science and Public Policy - Monckton Articles
Climate Realists - Piers Corbyn et al
Isherwood - Perpsective and Quotes
World Climate Report - web site
MasterResource - political level criticisms
Railroaded Science - By Richard Lindzen
Al Gore is Wrong - By Richard Lindzen
Fraudulent Consensus - By James Inhofe
CO2 Absorption at 15 µM - By Heinz Hug
More Oceans Heating
Latest on Ice Core Measurements
Jaworowski: critic of ice core measurements
Heat in Earth's Interior
Fred Singer's Web Site
CO2 Science Org
I Love My Carbon Dioxide
A look at the Numbers
High Levels of CO2
El Nino and CO2
Political Criticism. May 24, 2006
Bio fuels Destroy Environments
Historical Summary
Raw Data on CO2 in Air
Extremes in Past
Solar energy as Cause
Tilt in Earth's Orbit
Oceans Heating at Antarctica
Deep Ocean Heat
CO2 Criticisms—Segalstad
Thermodynamics - PDF — Gerlich and Tscheuschner
Oceanograhy Information — by Anthoni
