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Gary Novak Independent Scientist Science Home Global Warming: Global Warming Main Page Crunching the Numbers Absorption Spectra Details Explained Oceans not Rising Future Ice Age Acid in the Oceans Context |
Global Dynamic of Carbon Dioxide Production Oceans suck all carbon dioxide from the air and only release one third the amount plants need to grow on.
The idea that carbon dioxide is a pollutant because humans produce it is a frauda fraud reinforced by a Supreme Court that no longer knows what its purpose is supposed to be. Science cannot be arbitrated, but a bunch of lawyers who don’t know water from air think they can arbitrate science for everyone else. There is 88 times as much CO2 in the air (750 GTC, Giga tons of carbon) as humans produce in a year (8.5 GTC). There is not enough in the air for plants to grow well. Greenhouses often increase the amount of CO2 by a factor of three. The air has 385 ppm (parts per million) CO2, while greenhouses often increase it to 1,000 ppm. The claim that humans are causing CO2 to increase in the air is a fraud. Oceans remove it as fast as humans produce it. Oceans are alkaline causing them to suck CO2 out of the air, which is why there is a shortage in the air. Oceans allow a miniscule amount of CO2 into the air based on equilibrium which is influenced by ocean chemistry and temperature. The frauds claim that one third of the CO2 which humans produce goes into the oceans and two thirds stays in the air. They have no ability to make such a measurement, and it is a mockery of theory. There would have to be a causative factor which splits a quantity, and there is no such cause. There is no theoretical explanation of why one third would go into the oceans. Equilibrium does not split quantities, it defines the resulting concentrations. This means that the oceans are allowing 385 ppm in the air regardless of the amount humans produce. The oceans are taking out all of the CO2 that humans produce but releasing increased amounts due to increased ocean temperatures. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a measure of global, average ocean temperatures plus minor seasonal variations. The frauds claim that increased carbon dioxide is destroying coral reefs by causing the oceans to become more acidic. There has been no measurable increase in acidity of the oceans, because the amount humans produce is miniscule compared to the ocean's capacity. The surface oceans contain 1,000 GTC, and it does not stay there. It circulates into the deep oceans, and it gets used in producing coral reefs. The intermediate and deep oceans contain 38,000 GTC. The implication of corals being damaged is a fraud. No measurement has ever shown coral damage due to carbon dioxide or acidity. All coral damage is caused by other factors, such as temperature increase, while humans cannot cause ocean temperatures to increase. The oceans have a thousand times as much heat capacity as the atmosphere, which means the miniscule and contrived temperature increase of the atmosphere is not the cause of oceans heating. Acidity caused by carbon dioxide cannot harm corals, contrary to fraudulent claims from recent science. Both the theory and fake studies are a fraud in claiming acidity destroys the ability of corals to make shells from calcium carbonate. No direct measurement has shown damage to corals from carbon dioxide entering the oceans. The theory is a fraud, because it refers to “acidity” rather than carbonation. Dumping acid into an aquarium in a laboratory is nothing resembling carbon dioxide entering the oceans. The theory says that acid reduces carbonate, which it does. But carbon dioxide isn’t just acid; it is in equilibrium with carbonate. Equilibrium means the more CO2 that is added, the more carbonate there is. Honest scientists know this and have explained it to no avail. This means corals grow better as carbon dioxide enters the oceans, particularly since the oceans have such huge buffering capacity that no detectable acidity has occurred as a result of CO2 entering the oceans. Corals have been removing carbon dioxide from the environment for tens of millions of years. The small amount that humans add is a slight correction for the benefit of corals, not a harmful effect on the environment. The most significant fact of this whole subject of carbon dioxide and global warming is that increases caused by humans are so miniscule compared to natural variations that any harmful effects would have occurred naturally many times over. Yet nature survives ice ages every 100,000 years and similar effects which totally swamp anything humans do. A turning point for some scientists occurred (decades ago) when some jackass said the oceans are in layers, and the surface layer is too thin to absorb much carbon dioxide. The surface oceans are alkaline with no detectable increase in acidity, which means they are going to absorb carbon dioxide regardless of how thick they are said to be. Climatologists look to the distribution of energy, with computer models being how it is evaluated. Physics says the radiation is not there for carbon dioxide to absorb. Chemistry says humans cannot put carbon dioxide into the air, because oceans remove it. If it is not in the physics and chemistry, it is not going to be in the distribution of energy. A new study and web site explains the oceanography of carbon dioxide and shows the errors of the propagandists who claim that increased CO2 in the oceans will make the oceans more acidic and destroy coral reefs. Near the surface of the oceans, increased photosynthesis creates alkalinity rather than acidity. There is in fact a shortage of acid near the surface for the promotion of photosynthesis. The decay which creates acidity occurs 1-2 kilometers down, which is way below the level of coral reefs. This subject is explained by Dr. J. Floor Anthoni here: |